Flow is a common parameter in Orbital motor specifications. The amount of flow directly affects the speed, power output and system efficiency of a hydraulic motor, as well as having a critical impact on the life and stability of the motor. The following are the specific mechanisms by which flow variations act on hydraulic motors.
1. The core impact of flow on the performance of hydraulic motors
(1) Speed
The rotational speed of a hydraulic motor is directly proportional to the flow rate and inversely proportional to the displacement. When the flow rate increases, the speed increases linearly; when the flow rate is insufficient, the motor may not be able to reach the set speed, and even the phenomenon of low speed is not smooth.
Typical scenario: for example, forklift drive motor needs high flow rate to realize fast movement, while mixing equipment needs low flow rate to maintain low-speed stable operation.
(2) Output Power
If the differential pressure and efficiency remain stable, the higher the flow rate, the higher the output power.
Limitations: When the flow rate exceeds the design limit of the motor, the actual power may decrease instead of increase due to increased friction loss or decreased system pressure.
(3) System pressure
Indirect effect: Excessive flow demand may lead to insufficient oil supply to the pump and a decrease in system pressure (especially in dosing pump systems), which in turn affects the motor output torque.
Critical Risks: Excessive flow, if the line or valve port restricts the flow rate, may trigger a localized pressure surge (hydraulic shock), damaging seals or lines.
2. Potential problems caused by abnormal traffic flow
(1) Negative effects of excessive flow
Friction and Temperature Rise: High speed operation leads to increased internal friction, accelerated temperature rise of the oil, and decreased efficiency (mechanical efficiency may be reduced by 5%-10%).
Risk of cavitation: when the flow rate is too high, air bubbles are easily generated in the low-pressure area, and when they burst, they impact metal surfaces (such as flow distribution disks or stator rotors), causing pitting and noise.
Increased leakage: internal leakage rises at high differential pressure and volumetric efficiency falls.
(2) Common consequences of insufficient flow
Low-speed jerks: Insufficient flow results in intermittent oil supply and unstable motor speed (e.g., “crawling” at low speeds).
Insufficient torque: If the flow rate can not maintain the system pressure, the actual output torque is lower than the theoretical value, which may lead to the equipment can not drive the load (such as crane lifting powerless).
Poor lubrication: Insufficient formation of oil film at low flow rate increases the wear and tear of bearings or flow-matching surfaces.
3. Traffic management in typical application scenarios
(1) Engineering machinery traveling system
Requirements: High flow rate is required to drive the motor at high speed, and precise flow rate control is required at low speed.
Solution: Adopt variable pump + proportional valve combination to realize stepless adjustment of flow, taking into account the efficiency and maneuverability.
(2) Mold closing mechanism of injection molding machine
Requirements: High flow rate is needed in the fast mold closing stage, and very low flow rate is needed to maintain pressure in the pressure holding stage.
Program: use accumulator auxiliary oil supply, short time to provide high flow, reduce the main pump power waste.
(3) Mine winch drive
Risks: sudden direction change under high flow is easy to trigger hydraulic shock.
Countermeasure: add a buffer valve or soft start program to gently regulate the rate of change of flow.
Flow is one of the core parameters of the hydraulic motor performance regulation, reasonable matching flow and motor displacement, system pressure, can maximize the performance of the equipment.
The Orbital motor specifications system is like a precision gear train, where the optimization of each parameter affects the overall performance. A number of factors need to be carefully considered when making a purchase.
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